Baghlama History: Baghlama is originally an instrument of the Turkish people, Azerbaijan and the Anatolian region. It is common among Turkish, Kurdish and parts of northern Iraq and Turkey. In recent years, Baghlama has become popular among Iraqi Kurdish immigrants in West Azerbaijan and Kurdistan. Baghlama have been evolved as a result of the changes that have taken place in Qopuz. In Anatolia, Baghlama has different names, including Baghlama Bulgarian, Bozuq, Jura, Chalghi, Saz, Chegor, Cheko, Dembra, Dinqir, Zimbura and Tanbur. To make more sound and add more curtains in Azari folklores, it needed longer-handled instruments, some even have frets on the screen; So, instruments with longer handles were made. But in the 1960s, manufacturers changed the shape of the bowl, mostly in throat of the pear-shaped bowel, where the bowl was attached to the handle. It increase the number of frets without augmentation of the length of the handle. In overall gradually the standard instrument for the Baghlama family emerged. The size of the Baghlama has a great impact on the classification, and the ratio of the frets is also used in the construction and curtain of the Baghlama. Types of Baghlama: - Cura -Tanbura -Baghalama Short Band (Çöğür, Kısa Sap Bağlama) - Uzun Sap Bağlama - Divan Sazı -Meydan Sazı -Bas Baghlama - Chagour Baghlama - Shelpa Baghlama -Baltha Saz - daddy instrument - One tally Jora is the youngest member of the family and a had a three-stringed (six pairs of strings). Short-stemmed and long-stemmed orchards are the most important members of this family. In the 1980s, the technique of playing without strings on the handle was played by scratching and pulling the plectrum (VURMA), which is done by tapping with the fingers of the hand. tambourine like Divan Sazi (musical instrument of Ashiq) and Meydan Sazi. Meydan Sazi is the largest instrument in the Baghlama family. Its loud and strong sound has led to performances in open spaces such as streets and large halls. According to quotations, during the Ottoman Empire, troops began to build squares in front of the troops to cheer and intimidate the enemy. Today, only Turkish Ashiq use this instrument. In Iran, it is sometimes called the Divan instrument; Which comes from the Persian terms of device and tool. It is used in Ottoman classical music, Turkish folk music, Azeri music, Kurdish music, Assyrian music, Armenian music, and parts of Syria, Iraq, and Greece in the Balkans. A tool similar to Baghlama has been found in archeological excavations from Sumer and Heath in Anatolia and in ancient Greek artifacts. The instruments of this family are seen with different frets and fingerboards, each of which has its own characteristics and uses. The chords are often placed in 6 or 7 pieces in three rows. Baghlama is a type of percussion stringed instrument that is played with a plectrumt and is included in the classification of stringed-percussion instruments. This is a popular instrument in Turkey. Appearance and structural features of Baghlama: Baghlama has an integrated resonant bowl in the shape of an almost semi-pear with a relatively long handle on which the frets are tied on it. At the opening of the bowl wooden plate is placed, and the other components of this family are: chords, tailpiece, vaults, pallet, earphones, and plectrum. Materials used in the construction of Baghlama family instruments: Integrated resonator bowl (sometimes it is wicker): made of butterfly sticks, juniper (mountain cedar), maun (mahogany) Plate: poplar wood handle: Oak wood frets: made of 0.40 to 0.35 millimeter nylon wire Vault: Bone horn, ivory ivory, chords: Horse tail or hair, steel wires pallet and tailpiece: Horn, Bone, Elephant Ivory, Plectrum: wood or bark of cherry or cherry tree, hornbeam, gooseberry, soft plastic. Execution techniques of Baghlama family: The execution techniques of the Baghlama family in Iran are simpler than in Turkey. The Arrangement of wire in the Baghlama wires, which are three adjacent to each other, is in a way that the lower wire is thicker than the other two wires, which has a bass sound. Fingerprinting is on the first, second and third strings, but the melody is mostly performed on the first string. The third-row chords are played with the thumb of the left hand tuning: -Bozok or Kara tune (Sol, Re, La) -Baklama tune (La, Sol, Re) - Mastazad tune (Fa, Re, La) Misket tune (Fa #, Re, La

Uses of Baghlama instrument and other instruments of the same family The Baghlama instrument and its family members have a special place in Turkish Kurdish and Armenian music, and many common places in some parts of Iran, Turkey, and northern Iraq. These instruments are used both as a solo and in conjunction with singing, as well as with other instruments in various orchestras.    Famous musicians: Orhan Ganjehbai Ardal Arzanjan Ahmad Kooch (arranges and plays famous songs for this instrument in the world) Murad Kaya Chetin Akdeniz Desco everyone The origin of elation I miss you Orwell Parlak Aref Sagh Carl Sanders The pillars of Oghur Osman Akiol builders