Barbat instrument Barbat or oud (river) is one of the classical instruments of Iranian music, which is in the group of string-percussion instruments. Barbat has a pear-shaped appearance made of wood or ebony, which has a short handle. The length of the instrument is approximately 85 cm. Oud is a historical symbol of Iranian instruments. Unlike its counterparts, it lacks frets and has 10 to 13 strings. Because the surface of the incense is made of wood, it was called Oud in Arabic (al-oud in Arabic means wood). But the Persian name of it is Rood, another name for Barbat; Barbat means string in stringed instruments. History: There are traces of Oud in the remnants of ancient Sumerians. In pre-Islamic Iran, after the Sumerians and the Achaemenid period, the name was Barbat. The roud was mostly popular in the Sassanid era, and in the early days of Islam it replaced the "Mazhar" in the Arab world. According to documents Ibn Sarih Irani Nejad was the first person learn to play the oud in the Yalaghani century through Iranians who came to repair the Kaaba. Because the surface of the instrument is made of wood, it is called oud, which means wood. According to researchers such as the Nobel Laureate, the oud is originally an Arabic word for the Persian rood, which also means a string in stringed instruments. Unfortunately, Barbat plays a few role in Iranian music today. After entering Europe, he took the name Lot, which is derived from Al-Oud's writing. In the 8th century AH, Ibn Khaldun defined Lut as a wooden slender that has flexibility. Barbat compose from the two words "bar" means like and "bat" means duck. The whole instrument is given such name because of its resemblance to a duck and having a chest, and the neck just like the small handle. From another point of view, it is believed that Barbat is derived from the name of Barbad, the musician of the roud, in the court of Khosrow Parviz, which is written in the form of a barbarian. Ouds are made in different sizes. The Arabian styles have a large bowl and the Turkish one has a smaller bowl, but the Iranian oud is of medium size. Instrumenntology: In ancient times, Burbat was considered to be of two types: One is related to a large bowl and a short handle called an oud. And another small bowl, but a big handle that was called barbat. Barbat or oud has the most bass sound among stringed instruments. The sound of it is bass, soft and at the same time warm, attractive and relatively strong. This instrument is also used in solo and in grouping. Structure: Reverberation bowl and the plate: It is made of pear or ebony wood, which is shaped like a pear. The bowl is divided into equal parts by length and has several wooden cracks. The plate on the barbet is also made of wood, which is mostly made of pine wood because it has better sound. On the screen, there are two small circles and a larger circle of bone mesh for the sound to come out. Because the vault is short in oud.

Bridge: Horizontally connected at 5 points on the plate, in the inner part of the bowl. The role of bridges is to prevent deformation of the platform of instrument.

Vault: vault is a piece of wood approximately 10 cm long that is placed at the bottom of the bowl and has shallow grooves for the chords. Usually, the vault is not attached directly to the plate and a piece of wood or shell is placed between the vault and the plate. Tailpiece: In some chords, the vault also acts as a tailpiece. In this case, the chords are placed on the holes located on the chord and tied, then continue to the phones. In the construction of some brackets, the chords are connected to the tailpiece at the end of the bowl body. handle: The handle is one-third the length of the bowl and is about 10 cm in diameter. In the past, there were frets on it, but today the handle of this instrument does not have any frets.

Claw: At the beginning of the handle and slightly inclined to the back of the earphone box, there is clows.it is in the form of empty chamber. The earphones are located at the head of the claw and there are 5 earphones on each side. pallet: A piece of thin wood about one millimeter high that is placed between the handle and the claws. The chords pass through its shallow grooves.

chords: chords are made of gut (sheep's gut) or silk coated with metal coating or nylon string of various thicknesses. Usually the eighth to tenth chords have a metal coating. Guitar strings are also used in the barbat, which also have good sound. The 504 chords produced in the factory are mostly approved by the musicians. Barbat has 10 chords that are tuned 2 to 2 together. In some cases, the shortest chord is closed and is considered more for the vocal cords. Width: The usual range of the oud is about 2 octaves, which is better than about one and a half octaves due to the shortness of the instrument handle. plectrum: The material of the plectrum is made of the bones of large bird feathers or soft plastic that is taken with the fingers of the right hand.

Tuning: Due to the lack of fingerboard, it is possible to perform all the intervals of Iranian music. The audio ratio of the chords is a quarter of a descending distance, which is not the case with the bass chord. Barbat has a lower octave than written notes Notation Key: Usually the second line with the cell key is the noting key. Due to the bass of the instrument's sound compared to the written note, it is better to write an octave of the sound field in bass with the F-key of the fourth line of the note. Related Features: Usually, the traction time of the notes is divided into smaller components by the vocals. This traction is created by applying successive plectrum to the vocals. It is also possible to play stretched notes with a small plectrum The note on the bass chord is also applicable with the thumb of the left hand Two- and three-voice chords can be played, especially as arps The symptoms of left, right, and open rattlesnakes are similar to those mentioned in the tar. Fingerprinting: Number one for the index finger, number two for the middle finger, number three for the fourth finger, and number four for the little finger. The T sign is used for small coefficients and ^ is played for the right percussion from top to bottom, ∨ is played for the left percussion from the bottom up. musicians: Mansour Nariman, Hassan Manouchehri, Mahmoud Rahmanipour Akbar Mohseni Abdul Wahab Shahidi Arsalan Kamkar Hossein Behroziznia, Mohammad Firoozi The beauty of the world From the famous oud players of the southern region Ali Mahboob, Ali Mirshkal, Mohammad Rafi Ash'ari Mohammad Mansour from Qeshm Island Hussein is loyal to Bandar Abbas. builders : Mohammadi Brothers, Mohammad Ajdari , Arafat Mani Jafroodi , Abedini Malekshahi And Nariman Abnossi.